In present study 200 cases of acute pancreatitis were evaluated and following conclusions were made. MDCT is an excellent imaging modality in diagnosis of acute pancreatitis with depiction of pancreas, peri pancreatic changes and also associated complications. No significant correlation seen between pancreatic enzymes and severity of pancreatitis. Significant correlation with modified CT severity index and length of hospital stay, interventions, organ failure is noted. MCTSI is good indicator for outcome of patient especially with the organ failure and also length of stay. CECT with modified CT severity index shows good correlation with grading of severity of pancreatitis and extent of disease process. CT is the most sensitive and specific imaging modality for the evaluation of acute pancreatitis and its complications. Keywords: MDCT, MCTSI, CECT, Pancreatitis.

Background: Patient safety is the reduction of risk of unnecessary harm associated with healthcare to an acceptable minimum. One of the outcomes frequently analysed in studies addressing this theme is the occurrence of adverse events. This study was conducted to assess anaesthesia related peri-operative adverse events. Materials and Methods: This study comprised of 100 anaesthetic procedures in all. The subjects had been asked for consent. The adverse events were noticed. Statistical analysis had been conducted using SPSS software. Results: The most common adverse event was perioperative cardiac arrest observed in 29 subjects, followed by unexpected difficult airway seen in 16 subjects. Perioperative pulmonary aspiration was noticed 10 subjects. Stroke/coma was seen in 9 subjects and malignant hyperthermia was seen in 3 subjects. Total 67 complications had been observed. Conclusion: The most common perioperative complication was cardiac arrest followed by unexpected difficult airway. Other complications were pulmonary aspiration, stroke or coma, and malignant hyperthermia. Keywords: Anaesthesia, Complications, Cardiac Arrest.

Background: The synovium, a soft tissue lining diarthrodial joints, tendon sheaths, and bursae, plays a pivotal role in various arthritides. This study aims to evaluate the histopathological spectrum of synovectomy and synovial biopsies, assessing their diagnostic value in neoplastic, granulomatous diseases, and infections. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Pathology at Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada, from January 2021 to January 2023. A total of 100 synovectomies and synovial biopsies, obtained via open or arthroscopic methods, were included. Samples were fixed in 10% buffered formalin, processed, and stained using hematoxylin and eosin and special stains as necessary. Clinical, demographic, histopathological, radiological, and serological data were reviewed. Results: The study revealed a higher prevalence of synovial lesions in individuals aged 51-70 years (38%) and 71-90 years (32%), with females predominantly affected (60%). Inflammatory joint diseases comprised 40% of cases, with chronic nonspecific synovitis (18%) being the most common. Septic arthritis (10%), tuberculous synovitis (6%), and rheumatoid arthritis (6%) were also notable. Degenerative joint diseases accounted for 22% of cases, including osteoarthritis (10%), gout (3%), pseudogout (3%), ochronosis (2%), and avascular necrosis (5%). Tumor and tumor-like lesions constituted 37% of cases, with giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (15%) and synovial chondromatosis (8%) being prominent. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the diagnostic value of histopathological examination in early and ambiguous cases of synovial pathology. The prevalence of inflammatory, degenerative, and tumor-like conditions reflects the necessity for comprehensive evaluation in managing joint diseases. Keywords: Synovium, histopathology, synovectomy, synovial biopsy, arthritis, inflammatory joint disease.

Background: Dengue fever is a prevalent mosquito-borne viral illness with potential complications, including thrombocytopenia. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between platelet indices and the presence of thrombocytopenia in individuals diagnosed with dengue fever. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 dengue-confirmed cases were enrolled, and their platelet count, platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT) were measured during the acute phase of the disease. Results: The findings of this study revealed a substantial incidence of thrombocytopenia among the participants, aligning with the well-established association between dengue infection and platelet reduction. Notably, a modest but significant correlation was demonstrated between PDW and PCT and the severity of thrombocytopenia. Subgroup analysis based on dengue virus serotypes unveiled varying patterns of platelet indices, hinting at potential differences in disease pathogenesis. Conclusion: The results of this study underscore the potential utility of platelet indices as informative markers for assessing the degree of thrombocytopenia in dengue fever cases. The observed correlations between platelet count, PDW, and PCT provide insights into the complex interplay between platelet dynamics and dengue infection. Further prospective investigations are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms driving these correlations, which could contribute to enhanced understanding, diagnosis, and management of dengue-associated thrombocytopenia. Keywords: Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), Plateletcrit (PCT) and Platelet Large Cell Ration (P-LCR).

Background: This study aims to investigate the diverse etiologies leading to the need for mechanical ventilation in neonates and to analyze the outcomes associated with this intervention. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on a cohort of 60 neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at Gandhi Hospital during a specified period. Data were collected from medical records, including demographic information, clinical presentation, and diagnostic findings. Etiologies necessitating mechanical ventilation were categorized, and relevant clinical parameters were assessed. Outcomes such as survival rates, duration of ventilation, and potential complications were analyzed. Results: The study included a total of 60 neonates who required mechanical ventilation during the study period. The primary etiologies identified encompassed a range of conditions including respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), congenital anomalies, sepsis, and neurological disorders. Each etiology was further analyzed for its contribution to the need for mechanical ventilation and associated outcomes. The outcomes revealed varying survival rates among different etiological groups. Additionally, the duration of mechanical ventilation was assessed, and potential complications such as ventilator-associated pneumonia, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and intraventricular hemorrhage were investigated. Conclusion: This study sheds light on the intricate web of etiological factors leading to mechanical ventilation in neonates and provides valuable insights into the associated outcomes. Understanding the diverse challenges faced by neonates requiring mechanical ventilation is crucial for improving clinical management strategies and ultimately enhancing the overall care and survival rates of this vulnerable population. The findings of this study contribute to the existing body of knowledge on neonatal care and may guide future research and clinical practices in the field of neonatology. Keywords: Etiologies, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS), Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS), Ventilation, BronchoPulmonary Dysplasia(BPD).

Background: To evaluate radiological and functional outcome of malunited distal radial fractures treated with iliac crest bone graft and Volar plating with or without K- wires. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study conducted on twenty adult patients with distal radial fractures treated at Department of Orthopaedics, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada between September 2021 to August 2023. Results: The study included twenty cases of malunited distal radius fractures in adults treated with osteotomy, ipsilateral tri cortical iliac crest bone grafting, and volar Ellis plating over a 12- to 18-month period. Right side (dominant wrist) was involved in 12 (60%) patients and the left side involved in 8(40%) patients. In the present study 13 (65%) patients had union within 2-3 months and 7(35%) patients had union in 3-4monthsThere were no cases of delayed union or non –union. Mean preop DASH score – Mean postop DASH score>25 Excellent Mean preop DASH score–Mean postop DASH score16-25 good Mean preop DASH score–Mean postop DASH score 6-15 fair Mean preop DASH score–Mean postop DASH score≤5 poor. Osteotomy, ipsilateraliliac crest bone grafting and volar Ellis plating demonstrates good reproducible outcomes with minimal risk in appropriately selected cases of Malunion. This technique can provide adequate restoration of normal anatomy and soft tissue and vascular preservation, in addition to minimal patient morbidity, which may facilitatea more rapid return to function. Conclusion: We can conclude that osteotomy, tricortical iliac crest bone grafting, and volar Ellis plating are a simple, reliable, and effective method for restoring normal distal radius radiological parameters, particularly in young adults. Functional end results have a direct relationship with anatomical end results, especially in young adults, though good functional results can be obtained even when anatomical results are poor in elderly people due to innate mobility of the wrist joint. Keywords: Osteotomy, Distal radial fractures, DASH score, volar Ellis plating.