An Epidemiological Survey Study to Enlist Vyadhi and its Classification WSR to Drought Affected Population

Background: To achieve the two principal objectives, the concept of Trisu–tra and Bija Catustaya has been designed by A–ca–rya Caraka and A–ca–rya Susruta respectively, Vya–dhi is the one among them. Homeostasis of the components of life maintains health whereas the imbalance of same leads to disease. Ayurveda analyses Vya–dhi and its Vargikarana to facilitates easy understanding of Vya–dhi as well as shows the path for further treatment aspects. Without the knowledge of Vya–dhi Vargikarana, it is futile to achieve the Savikalpa Jña– na. Objectives: Evaluation of disaster affected diseases with Vya–dhi Vargikarana. Materials and Methods: For the survey study, the affected places of Drought disaster events were visited, observed and surveyed through face to face. To collect the data a modified general case proforma was prepared with the help of disaster management faculty. For each event sample of minimum 100 affected people have been incorporated to enlist the major diseases in order to classify them under Vya–dhi Vargikarana. Results: The following Vya–dhis observed under Drought disaster, population are more vulnerable to GI Diseases, RT Diseases, UT Diseases, Nutritional Deficiency, Skin Diseases, Sun stroke and Leucorrhoea. There is a more chance of getting following Vya–dhi Vargikarana in Drought viz., Nija, A–gantuja, Sa–kha–gata, Ko–sthagata, Marmagata, Pittaja, Dwandvaja, and Sannipa–taja are highly Significant with p = .001. Conclusion: Disaster directly impacts the health of the population. In the present study, major observed Vya–dhi has been enlisted. A–gantuja, Sa–riria–ka – Ma–nasika, Sa–kha–gata, Ko–sthagata and Sannipa–taja are the common Vargikarana.


INTRODUCTION
Ayurveda believes that "Rōgamādau parīksēta tatō'nantaramausadham" A wise physician should examine the distinctive features of the disease beforehand and then treatment should be started only if the disease is curableThe disease is defined as a state in which both the body and mind are subject to pain and misery. it can be classified in Various types. Diseases are classified according to need of treatment, causative factor, prognosis etc. like, Śarīrā (Physical) -Mānasika (Mental), Nija (Endogenous disease)-Āgantuja (Exogenous disease), Sādhya (Curable)-Asādhya (Incurable) [1][2][3][4] and so on. A wise physician with his Yukti can further classify the disease in many ways. 5 It is noticeable that Ayurveda refers that the "Sam . prāpti Vighatana" is the Cikitsā, so, for Sam . prāpti Vighatana it is necessary to understand the Vyādhi and its classification in relation to diseases caused by disasters. As per the Disaster Management Act 2005, a disaster is defined as "a catastrophe, mishap, calamity or grave occurrence in any area, arising from natural or man-made cause, or by accident or negligence which results in substantial loss of life or human suffering or damage to, and destruction of property, or damage to, or degradation of, environment, and is of such a nature or magnitude as to be beyond the coping capacity of the community of the affected area". 6 There is lacuna of research in ayurveda for the management of diseases due to disaster so, the classification of Vyādhi is an essential for understanding of the disease due to disaster, and it is a prerequisite factor for management of such incidences. In any disasters occurrence there will be definite role and contribution from the different professions or authorities of society, there is only minimum contribution from AYUSH. Hence, this work has been taken to analyse the Vyādhi and its classification in disaster affected people for the welfare of the society.

Objectives
To enlist the prevalent Vyadhi observed Under Drought disaster in order to classify them under different Vyadhi vargikarana.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
It is a Retrospective Observational Study which is a Collaboration work with Administrative Training Institute Mysore in that 100 subjects were selected for the evaluation of Vyādhi in Drought disaster affected people. The data pertaining to present study has been gathered from Morawada village of Suigama Taluka, Banasakantha District of Gujarat State. The place visited and sample of 100 people of 30 affected families was surveyed by using the special Case proforma through face-to-face interview. The list of prevalent diseases has been enlisted. Data was analysed by using Frequency, Percentage and Chi-square test.

RESULTS
Meta-analysis on present work has been mentioned in Table 1.

What this study adds
• Prevalent Vyadhi in Drought affected people. • Provides classification of each observed Vyadhi in order to plan the appropriate treatment modalities.

Criteria for the classification of Vyadhi
The observed diseases have been subjected to information available in Ayurvedic lexicons regarding vyadhi classification in order to classify them under each classification.

Result on Vyādhi Vargīkarana
Distribution of each Vyadhi Vargikarana, available in classics in relation with Drought Disaster has been mentioned in Table 2.

Discussion has been done on Vyādhi Vargīkarana in relation with
Drought disaster riveting over range of observed data by highlighting the role of disaster management cycle.

Based on Adhisthāna (Śārīrīka, Mānasīka Śārīrīka -Mānasīka)
Observed Data shows that there is more chance of getting Śārīrīka type of Vyādhi compare to Śārīrīka -Mānasīka and Mānasīka. Therefore,   the treatment modalities pertaining to Śārīrīka and Dhī, Dhrti, Atmādivijñāna Ādi 10 will be countable in the preparedness as well recovery stage of disaster management.

Based on Nimitta (Nija and Āgantuja)
Observed data shows that there is more chance of getting Nija Vyadhi compare to Āgantuja types of Vyādhi. Therefore, the treatment modalities pertaining to Nija followed by Agantuja Vyadhi will be countable in the preparedness as well recovery stage of disaster management.
Based on Rōgamārga (Śākhāgata, Kōsthagata and Marmagata) Observed data shows that there is more chance of getting Kōsthagata compare to Śākhāgata and Marmagata type of Vyādhi. Therefore, the treatment modalities pertaining to Kōsthagata Vyādhi will be countable in the preparedness as well recovery stage of disaster management.

Based on Dōsaja
Observed data shows that there is high tendency of getting Dwandvaja and Sannipātaja types of Vyādhi compare to Eka Dōsaja. Therefore, the treatment modalities pertaining to Dwandvaja and Sannipātaja will be countable in the preparedness as well recovery stage of disaster management.

Based on Bala (Mrdu and Dāruna)
With the help of current data, it can be concluded that there is more chance of getting Mrdu compare to Dāruna types of Vyādhi. Therefore, the treatment modalities pertaining to Mrdu Vyādhi will be countable in the preparedness as well recovery stage of disaster management.

Based on Sādhyāsādhyatā (Sukhasādhya, Kricchasādhya and Yāpya)
Observed data shows that affected People are more vulnerable to fall under Sukhasādhya category compare to Kricchasādhya and Yāpya category. Therefore, the treatment modalities pertaining to Sukhasādhya Vyādhi will be countable in the preparedness as well recovery stage of disaster management. Thereby, arrest the process of disease transformation from one stage to other.

CONCLUSION
In present scenario, natural / man-made calamities are the major challenges to humanity. Understanding the concept comprehensively and situational analysis of the same is the only way to cope such situations. The same has been understood fully by our acharyas, which is very much evident in present era also 1. There is extensive classification of the diseases in the Ayurvedic lexicons. The logic behind the classification is to be explored for the better understanding the aim of science. 2. A different kind of treatment modalities has been designed by scholars aiming to get rid from such diseased conditions. And, the knowledge regarding Vyādhi Vargikarana will provide a bridge through which one can achieve the same. 3. In present study, the attempt has been made to understand the concept of Vyādhi and its Vargikarana with new impression i.e., disaster for advancement of community. 4. The observed Mānasika bhāvās in range between 18.0% -25.0% are Cittōdvēga, Bhaya, Śōka, Krōdha and Cintā. This suggests that the chance of getting above mentioned Bhāvās are more.The observed Vyādhi suggest that, under Drought disaster the population are more vulnerable to GI Diseases (11.9%), RT Diseases (13.6%), UT Diseases (16.2%), Nutritional Deficiency (16.2%) and Skin Diseases (16.2%). 5. Results in Drought viz., Nija, Āgantuja, Śākhāgata, Kōsthagata, Marmagata, Pittaja, Dwandvaja, and Sannipātaja are highly Significant with p = .001. A contribution towards betterment of the society in the form of researches in disaster is need of hour.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The author will extend heartfelt thanks to the editorial team, technical team of IJMEDPH for their rapid response in publishing the article. Author will also extend cordial gratitude to principal and all teaching staff of Department of Ayurveda Samhitha and Siddhanta and ATI.