Epidemiologic Variables Affecting Deaths among COVID-19 Patients in Second Wave of Pandemic in Bundelkhand Region of Uttar Pradesh: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: WHO has declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic on 11th March 2020. The corona virus disease 2019 (COVID19) has rapidly spread worldwide. First case of COVID-19 was reported on 30th January 2020 in Kerala state, India. The first COVID-19 case was reported to Government Allopathic medical College Banda on 1^st April 2020, and thereafter many COVID-19 cases were admitted and treated. This study was conducted to find the epidemiological variables affection mortality among hospitalised COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: Study design: This study was a hospital based cross-sectional study. The outbreak of second wave started and the period was 1^st April 2021 to 30^th June 2021. Socio-demographic data, clinical signs and symptoms present, history of co-morbidities and vaccination history etc. were taken at the time of admission. Adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was estimated for all the potential covariates associated with death. The p-value less than 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: Maximum number of cases was found in the age group of 41-60 years (463) followed by 21-40 year age group (379). Out of 1226 cases, 795 (64.8%) cases were males respectively. The covariates marital status, sore throat, breathlessness and vaccination status were found to be significantly associated with mortality. Conclusion: Breathlessness, cough, sore throat and fever were the important clinical findings of this study. Also co morbidity was one of the significant risk factors. The COVID death can be minimized by vaccination; therefore there is a need of awareness and health education about COVID vaccine in community.